Endocrine Abstracts

Orexins are hypothalamic peptides known to stimulate food intake. Recently, orexins have been shown to activate the HPA axis at a central level1. We have previously shown that during late pregnancy the responsiveness of the HPA axis to a range of stressors is attenuated and suggested that the corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) neurones or pathways impinging on them are less responsive2. If the CRH neurones themselves are less responsive, they should al...

Background: Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune disease caused by antibodies directed to the TSH receptor (TRAb), which can be activating (TSAb), neutral, or blocking (TBAb). This balance determines the final clinical result. Typically TSAbs dominate, resulting in hyperthyroidism. Rarely, TBAbs prevail and result in hypothyroidism (1). The TRAb assay routinely used in the clinic does not allow to differentiate between stimulating or blocking characteristics.<p class...

Endothelial dysfunction contributes to the cardiovascular complications in Diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The effects of hyperthyroidism on the peripheral vasculature are not fully understood. Decreased central arterial stiffness is a feature of thyrotoxicosis and normalises with treatment (1). The purpose of our study was to establish the effect of thyrotoxicosis and its treatment on surrogate humoral markers of endothelial function; Von Willebrand factor (VWF), Soluble ...

There is now substantial evidence to suggest that the early life environment can have a permanent effect on adult physiology. Recently we have shown that early postnatal glucocorticoid (GC) exposure produces alterations in midbrain dopaminergic cell number in the adult rat, in a gender-specific manner (McArthur et al., Brit. Neurosci. Assoc. Abstr. 2003;17:27). Since the protein annexin 1 (ANXA1) mediates some aspects of the effects of GCs within the immune system and the hypo...

Introduction: Malnutrition, deficiency of micro- and macronutrients, including calcium and vitamin D are typical for children with dystrophic form of congenital epidermolysis bullosa (DEB). Thereby, there is a slowdown in osteogenesis and in stimulation of osteoclast activity, bone tissue resorption, which leads to increased bone fragility and low-traumatic fractures.Aim of the study: To evaluate markers of bone tissue metabolism and phosphorus-calcium m...

The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) therapy with denosumab.Patients and methods 32 postmenopausal women with established PMOP for a period of 24 months or more received denosumab 60 mg subcutaneously once every 6 months combined with calcium and vitamin D. A quantitative assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) was carried out before treatment, after 12 and 24 months of observation, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry o...

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) are indicated as treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and melanoma, among other malignancies. This group of agents is associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs). We aimed to further investigate the association of immune-related thyroid disorders (irTDs) with clinical outcomes and mortality rates in patients with RCC or melanoma who were treated with ICPIs.Methods: We retrospective...

Introduction: The formation of oxidative stress in the biological reaction of inflammation is accompanied by the formation of methylglyoxal (MG), which initiates the glycosylation reaction of proteins. When hyperglycemia MG content significantly increased. MG interacts with the amino groups of lysine and arginine to form further glycation end products (CNG). Glycation is due to the ability of glucose to form irreversible chemical compounds of CNG with amino groups of proteins....

Introduction: Retinol binding protein (RSP) is a member of the adipokine family associated with insulin resistance (IR). With an excess of free fatty acids, the binding of insulin by hepatocyte receptors decreases and hyperinsulinemia develops. RSP is a transport protein for retinol, synthesized in hepatocytes and adipocytes. The level of RSP increased in patients with obesity, diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) correlated positively with the sever...

Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in 90% combined with diabetes mellitus (DM) of the second type. Factors cutting: abdominal obesity, excessive content of free fatty acids. Development of insulin resistance through protein kinase. Violation of the transmission of insulin signal leads to damage to the endothelium. Glycation of nitric oxide synthase leads to the development of diabetic complications and violates the sensitivity of the insulin receptors.<p cla...